Movement

In this chapter, we’ll set elements in motion — with the help of variables.

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Simple Movement

You can create a simple movement by changing the x and y attributes of an object:

from miniworlds import *
import random
world = World(100, 100)

c = Circle((0, 50), 20)

@world.register
def act(self):
    c.x = c.x + 1

world.run()

Output:

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The Modulo Operator

The modulo operator is especially helpful for creating repeating movements.

Python supports three types of division:

• 13 / 3 gives the result 4.3333…

• 13 // 3 gives the integer result 4

• 13 % 3 returns the remainder of the division, in this case 1

Since the remainder is never greater than the divisor, we can use it for looping animations:

from miniworlds import *
import random
world = World(100, 100)

c = Circle((0, 50), 20)
x = 0

@world.register
def act(self):
    global x
    c.x = x % 100
    x = x + 1

world.run()

The variable x keeps increasing, but x % 100 always returns a number between 0 and 99. This makes the circle loop back after reaching the edge.

Output: